6.4 Words and Phrases

Vocabulary

Word Meaning Example sentence
fleeting lasting a very short time A text message gives only fleeting joy.
abiding lasting a long time; enduring A letter brings abiding pleasure.
musings thoughtful reflections He shared his musings on life.
integrity honesty and strong moral principles He lived with great integrity.
humility being humble and modest Despite his fame, he had real humility.
addicted unable to give up; dependent Many are addicted to their phones.
cooperative a business owned and run by its members Farmers formed a dairy cooperative.
revolution a great and sudden change He led the White Revolution.
mentor a wise and trusted guide Tribhuvandas Patel was his mentor.
dedicate to give time and effort fully to something He chose to dedicate his life to farmers.
privilege a special honour or advantage He felt life itself was a privilege.
contribute to give or do something to help We should contribute to society.

Phrases and expressions

Expression What it means
the White Revolution India’s huge increase in milk production
common good the benefit of all people in society
pass on (values) to hand down to the next generation
stand the test of time to last and stay valuable over many years

Exam Tip Watch for opposite pairs in this chapter: fleeting (short-lived) versus abiding (long-lasting). Exams love antonyms — learning a word with its opposite doubles what you remember.

Use what you’ve learnt

Fill each blank: integrity, mentor, fleeting, dedicate, privilege.

  1. A phone message brings only ___ happiness.
  2. He chose to ___ his life to serving farmers.
  3. His ___, Tribhuvandas Patel, guided him.
  4. He always worked with honesty and ___.
  5. Kurien believed life is a ___ to be used well.
  1. fleeting   2. dedicate   3. mentor   4. integrity   5. privilege